@Article{Kane:1998:ExENPh,
               author = "Kane, Rajaram Purushottam",
                title = "Extremes of the ENSO phenomena and indian summer monsoon 
                         rainfall",
              journal = "International Journal of Climatology",
                 year = "1998",
               volume = "18",
               number = "7",
                pages = "775--791",
                month = "June",
             keywords = "GEOF{\'{\I}}SICA ESPACIAL, India, chuva, El Nino (EN), 
                         ocila{\c{c}}{\~a}o sul, seca, rain, southern oscilation(SO), 
                         drought.",
             abstract = "Characterizing every year during the 120 year interval 1871-1990 
                         as a year of El Nino (EN), or Southern Oscillation minimum (SO), 
                         or equatorial eastern Pacific sea-surface temperature (SST) warm 
                         (W) or cold (C) episode or none (non-events), the corresponding 
                         summer monsoon rainfall departures for all India and for the 29 
                         meteorological subdivisions were examined. The best relationship 
                         for droughts was with unambiguous ENSOW (El Nino year with SO and 
                         W near the middle of the calendar year) and for floods with C 
                         (cold SST). The droughts were generally widespread, although Assam 
                         and Bengal might have had normal rainfall or even floods when 
                         other subdivisions had droughts. In some ENSOW years when all 
                         India rainfall was normal, the rainfall in subdivisions was either 
                         normal or mixed (droughts in some subdivisions, floods in others). 
                         However, droughts and floods occurred during other types of events 
                         also, and ENSOW or C were neither sufficient nor necessary. Some 
                         floods and droughts were associated with incorrect type (floods 
                         during El Nino, etc.), and some occurred during non-events, 
                         indicating that factors unrelated to EN, or SO, or W, or C may be 
                         more influential in some years.",
                 issn = "0899-8418",
                label = "9584",
           targetfile = "1998_kane2.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "05 maio 2024"
}